Second, potentially lower radiation doses can be given. First, quicker repeats between applications are possible due to the typical radioisotopes’ shorter half-lives, which would be advantageous for applications such as the detection of internal bleeding.
While nuclear medicine blood pool agents are traditionally based on the ubiquitous gamma emitter 99mTc with its favorable half-life, photon energy, and radiopharmaceutical chemistry, the use of PET radioisotopes in blood pool intravascular contrast agents might have a few potential advantages. This radioactive-metal-functionalized polymer might be a suitable non-toxic agent to advance for clinical application. A complete 14-day toxicology study in rats concluded that there were no gross pathology findings, changes in body or organ weights, or histopathological events. Internal radiation dose calculations showed that the radiation doses that patients would receive from the PET agent would be 2.5× lower than those from the 99mTc agent. It was then injected intravenously into a rat, and gated imaging allowed us to easily observe wall motion and cardiac contractility, confirming the suitability of this radiopharmaceutical for cardiac blood pool imaging. A 500 kDa hyperbranched polyglycerol was conjugated to the chelator NOTA and radiolabeled rapidly at room temperature with 68Ga.
Our objective was to prepare and evaluate a long-circulating polymer functionalized with gallium for its biodistribution, toxicity, and dosimetric properties. When the shortlived radioisotope 68Ga is used, it can be applied repeatedly on the same day-for example, for the detection of bleeding.
Using a generator-based PET radioisotope has a few advantages, including not needing nuclear reactors to produce it, obtaining better resolution in humans, and potentially reducing the radiation dose to the patient. Cardiac blood pool imaging is currently performed almost exclusively with 99mTc-based compounds and SPECT/CT imaging.
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